The Society met in the rooms of the Medical Club, 22 Carlton Place on Thursday 14th December 1905 at 9pm.
Sederunt
Dr T. K. Monro (Vice-President) in the chair: in all 18 Gentlemen were present.
Minutes
The minutes of last meeting were read and approved.
New Member
The name of Dr Robert Taylor, Beechwood, Dalkeith Avenue Dumbreck, was proposed for membership by Dr James Hamilton & seconded by Dr J. P. Duncan.
Dr J. K. Kelly's paper
Dr J. K. Kelly then read a most interesting paper on "Uterine Myoma" & this was followed by a lantern demonstration of various pathological specimens in connection with the subject. A precis of Dr Kelly's Paper follows this minute.
A discussion followed in which Drs T. K. Monro, Stark, James Weir, Miller, Hamilton & Wauchope took part, asking for further information on several points and Dr Hamilton stated that he could not see why oophorectomy for the treatment of myomata should be condemned. Dr Kelly replied that he was of the opinion that it was better to remove the disease than to remove the ovaries alone then wait for a somewhat doubtful cure.
Dr Kelly was accorded a very hearty vote of thanks for his paper.
This was all the business.
Precis of Dr J. K. Kelly's paper
Dr Kelly referred first to the question of the division of tumours into Benign & Malignant & went on to state that some "benign" tumours can destroy life just as surely as Malignant ones, and Uterine myomata were one of this serious nature in many cases. The ordinary Symptomatology of the disease was then given, & it was insisted strongly that Uterine Myomata sometimes produced no symptoms except that of haemorrhage: & that even when a large tumour was present the patient had not noticed it. Pain in the case of this disease is a very variable symptom. The case of a woman 5 months pregnant was then cited in which a myoma as large as a small cocoa-nut was removed from the Uterine wall: cessaton of pain followed & the gestation & delivery were normal.
The dangers associated with Uterine Myomata were stated as follows:
1. Haemorrhage, producing syncope, anaemia & its consequences
2. Certain Cardiac conditions are induced in bad cases.
3. Renal disease from 1. Retention of urine followed by cystitis & 2. obstruction to Ureters.
4. Adhesions especially when Salpingitis is also present.
5. In Pregnancy 1. may necessitate Craniotomy or Caesarian Section 2. May induce rupture of Uterus 3. May induce post partum haemorrhage 4. May contribute to sepsis.
If Operation be called for from the interference from pressure effects on abdominal, thoracic, or pelvic structures Dr Kelly is of opinion that hysterectomy is as a rule safer than the induction of labour. With regard to the coincidence of pregnancy & myomata the remarkable crushing & moulding of tumour or foetus that is sometimes met with was referred to, & in such cases delivery sometimes takes place naturally in spite of the obstruction.
The comparative safety of Caesarian Section & Hysterectomy nowadays, has, however, altered the position of the Gynaecologist with regard to the treatment of such cases; and indeed now-a-days there are few myomata that cannot be treated with success if treatment be demanded. Dr Kelly then stated three typical cases of women with Uterine Myomata at various stages of development & stated the case for & against operation in each case, & then proceeded to state the principles that guided him in his own practice, viz: He advocates removal of the Myomata if
1. It causes Haemorrhage 2. if it be large even if symptoms are slight 3. if it be degenerated in any way or if disease of the adnexa are present, 4. If it is injuring the health of the patient in any way even if the menopause is not far off.
A proviso is made that the earlier the tumour can be removed the safer is the operation & the better is the condition of the patient afterwards.
The operative measures that may be adopted were dealt with.
1. Myomectomy is the ideal operation especially if it may be done per vaginam.
2. Hysterectomy is necessary when myomectomy is not practical.
3. Oophorectomy is to be reserved for cases where the number & size of the adhesions present contraindicate either of the first two methods.
If operation is refused palliative measures must be adopted eg haemorrhage & pressure symptoms must be treated.
Ralph Stockman
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
24 December, 2005
100 years ago: Session 1905-06; Meeting V - Some intestinal lesions
The Society met in the rooms of the Medical Club, 22 Carlton Place on the evening of Thursday 30th November 1905 at 9 o'clock.
The President, Professor Stockman, was in the chair and in all 22 Gentlemen were present.
Minutes
The minutes of last meeting were read and approved.
Correspondence
The secretary read a letter from the representative of Messers Burroughs Welcome & Co asking if he might arrange a display of the latest products of the firm at some meeting of the Society. It was agreed that the Secretary should arrange that he be permitted to do so on some suitable evening.
New Members
The following two gentlemen were ballotted and duly elected members viz. 1. Dr Wm Barr Inglis Pollock 2. Dr John Paton.
Dr Wm Watson's paper
Dr Wm Watson then read a paper entitled "Some Intestinal lesions" a precis of which follows this minute. A discussion of the paper followed in which Drs Hamilton, Paton , Stockman & Leask took part. These gentlemen all dissented very largely from the conclusions drawn by Dr Watson and then Dr Watson replied in a few words & stated that he based his opinions on the evidence he had collected from the many post mortem examinations which he had conducted in cases dying from infectious diseases. Dr Watson was accorded a hearty vote of thanks for his paper.
Dr James Weir's paper
Dr James Weir was to have read a paper on "Notes on some dislocations" but he was unwell & could not attend the meeting & the paper was read by the Secretary, and suffered a good deal from this official's lack of knowledge of the subject and inability to read Dr Weir's manuscript.
Drs Stockman & Wauchope made a few brief but humorous remarks and as this was all the business the meeting terminated.
Precis of Dr Wm Watson's paper
It was stated that in certain acute and sub-acute diseases the symptoms are so similar that the causes of these may be closely allied and that the regions attacked may be the same. Certain conditions of the alimentary canal were brought under review with the view of associating certain diseases with lesions in that region viz.
1. Scarlet Fever 2. Certain forms of influenza 3. Rheumatism 4. German Measles 5. Early stages of Diphtheria 6. Early stages of Enteric fever 7. Catarrh in a. teething b. simple form from cold or injury c. food poisoning.
In Scarlet fever a streptococcus acting on the lymphoid tissue of the gastro-intestinal tract and its mucous membrane was cited as the causal agent. The following reasons were given:
1. In Malignant Scarlet fever, typical abdominal symptoms of severe type were stated to be present before sore throat or rash appeared
2. Vomiting & congested tongue generally appear before sore throat or swollen glands in ordinary cases
3. Stools in majority of cases are those of a gastro intestinal catarrh
4. In catarrh induced eg by the administration of an enema, deeply congested sore throat & rash are present
5. A condition clinically identical with Scarlet fever is produced by the drinking of milk from cows with pustular teats
6. In the later stage of Scarlet fever there is often an ulceration of peyers patches & solitary follicles simulating Enteric fever.
7. It is practically impossible to diagnose an acute gastro-intestinal catarrh from Scarlet fever until the appearance of the typical Scarlet fever rash.
These reasons were supported by the appearance of somewhat similar rashes & sequelae in cases when there is no doubt of the presence of a gastro-intestinal catarrh eg 1. Enteric fever 2. Influenza 3. Food poisoning 4. teething of childhood 5. Simple or traumatic catarrh of the bowel 6. Diphtheria.
Certain other considerations lend colour to the theory viz.
1. The infrequency with which large epidemics of Scarlet fever occur in schools & the frequency of great milk epidemics.
2. The frequency of return contact cases, aiding the presumption that it is from the intestinal discharges that the poison is spread.
3. That it is a filth disease & in character of distribution and surroundings it closely resembles Enteric fever.
The sequelae of these diseases were then dealt with & were stated to be intimately connected. Rheumatism or painful joints was said to be the commonest of these and to occur in 1. Scarlet fever 2. Catarrh of the bowel in teething 3. Influenza. The resemblance between Scarlet fever & Rheumatism was insisted on & it was stated that in each there were frequently present the following conditions viz.
1. Pain & swelling of the joints 2. Nephritis 3. Endocarditis 4. Pericarditis 5. Sore throat 6. Rashes (in Scarlet fever a typical one, in Rheumatism one varying in frequency & nature).
Another consideration cited in support was that when mucous surfaces are attacked with septic germs there are inflammatory conditions of the joints viz. 1. Gonorrhoea 2. Navel-ill in Calves
In summing up all these considerations were held to prove that the Scarlet fever poison entered the body mainly through the bowel and not mainly by the throat, that it was probably due to a streptococcus, and that from the similarity of its symptoms to those of Rheumatic fever they may have a closely allied origin.
Precis of Dr Weir's Paper
The dislocations treated were those of the meta-carpo-phalangeal joints and those of the shoulder joint.
With regard to those of the meta-carpo-phalangeal joint, the variously stated views as to the causes & varieties of the obstructions to easy reduction were cited, and the anatomical relationships of these joints were discussed in their bearings on these. The facts relating to a case recently treated by Dr Weir were then given. In this case there was a dislocation of the metacarpo-phalangeal joint of the forefinger and after efforts to reduce it by manipulation had failed, the joint was operated on and it was found that the lateral ligaments embraced the dislocated ends of the bones and formed the obstruction to reduction. The ligament on the radial side of the joint was divided and reduction was then accomplished with ease.
With regard to dislocations of the shoulder joint, the various methods which have been advocated for their reduction were discussed in detail viz. 1. Cole's method 2. the foot in the axilla 3. the knee in the axilla 4. Kocher's method 5. Huguier's method 6. & lastly the method described by White of Manchester. It is this last method that is recommended by Dr Weir in the treatment of dislocation at the shoulder joint and it consists in simple elevation of the limb combined with gentle extension.
T K Monro
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
Further reading:
Scarlet Fever
Diphtheria
Cole's method
Theodor Kocher
The President, Professor Stockman, was in the chair and in all 22 Gentlemen were present.
Minutes
The minutes of last meeting were read and approved.
Correspondence
The secretary read a letter from the representative of Messers Burroughs Welcome & Co asking if he might arrange a display of the latest products of the firm at some meeting of the Society. It was agreed that the Secretary should arrange that he be permitted to do so on some suitable evening.
New Members
The following two gentlemen were ballotted and duly elected members viz. 1. Dr Wm Barr Inglis Pollock 2. Dr John Paton.
Dr Wm Watson's paper
Dr Wm Watson then read a paper entitled "Some Intestinal lesions" a precis of which follows this minute. A discussion of the paper followed in which Drs Hamilton, Paton , Stockman & Leask took part. These gentlemen all dissented very largely from the conclusions drawn by Dr Watson and then Dr Watson replied in a few words & stated that he based his opinions on the evidence he had collected from the many post mortem examinations which he had conducted in cases dying from infectious diseases. Dr Watson was accorded a hearty vote of thanks for his paper.
Dr James Weir's paper
Dr James Weir was to have read a paper on "Notes on some dislocations" but he was unwell & could not attend the meeting & the paper was read by the Secretary, and suffered a good deal from this official's lack of knowledge of the subject and inability to read Dr Weir's manuscript.
Drs Stockman & Wauchope made a few brief but humorous remarks and as this was all the business the meeting terminated.
Precis of Dr Wm Watson's paper
It was stated that in certain acute and sub-acute diseases the symptoms are so similar that the causes of these may be closely allied and that the regions attacked may be the same. Certain conditions of the alimentary canal were brought under review with the view of associating certain diseases with lesions in that region viz.
1. Scarlet Fever 2. Certain forms of influenza 3. Rheumatism 4. German Measles 5. Early stages of Diphtheria 6. Early stages of Enteric fever 7. Catarrh in a. teething b. simple form from cold or injury c. food poisoning.
In Scarlet fever a streptococcus acting on the lymphoid tissue of the gastro-intestinal tract and its mucous membrane was cited as the causal agent. The following reasons were given:
1. In Malignant Scarlet fever, typical abdominal symptoms of severe type were stated to be present before sore throat or rash appeared
2. Vomiting & congested tongue generally appear before sore throat or swollen glands in ordinary cases
3. Stools in majority of cases are those of a gastro intestinal catarrh
4. In catarrh induced eg by the administration of an enema, deeply congested sore throat & rash are present
5. A condition clinically identical with Scarlet fever is produced by the drinking of milk from cows with pustular teats
6. In the later stage of Scarlet fever there is often an ulceration of peyers patches & solitary follicles simulating Enteric fever.
7. It is practically impossible to diagnose an acute gastro-intestinal catarrh from Scarlet fever until the appearance of the typical Scarlet fever rash.
These reasons were supported by the appearance of somewhat similar rashes & sequelae in cases when there is no doubt of the presence of a gastro-intestinal catarrh eg 1. Enteric fever 2. Influenza 3. Food poisoning 4. teething of childhood 5. Simple or traumatic catarrh of the bowel 6. Diphtheria.
Certain other considerations lend colour to the theory viz.
1. The infrequency with which large epidemics of Scarlet fever occur in schools & the frequency of great milk epidemics.
2. The frequency of return contact cases, aiding the presumption that it is from the intestinal discharges that the poison is spread.
3. That it is a filth disease & in character of distribution and surroundings it closely resembles Enteric fever.
The sequelae of these diseases were then dealt with & were stated to be intimately connected. Rheumatism or painful joints was said to be the commonest of these and to occur in 1. Scarlet fever 2. Catarrh of the bowel in teething 3. Influenza. The resemblance between Scarlet fever & Rheumatism was insisted on & it was stated that in each there were frequently present the following conditions viz.
1. Pain & swelling of the joints 2. Nephritis 3. Endocarditis 4. Pericarditis 5. Sore throat 6. Rashes (in Scarlet fever a typical one, in Rheumatism one varying in frequency & nature).
Another consideration cited in support was that when mucous surfaces are attacked with septic germs there are inflammatory conditions of the joints viz. 1. Gonorrhoea 2. Navel-ill in Calves
In summing up all these considerations were held to prove that the Scarlet fever poison entered the body mainly through the bowel and not mainly by the throat, that it was probably due to a streptococcus, and that from the similarity of its symptoms to those of Rheumatic fever they may have a closely allied origin.
Precis of Dr Weir's Paper
The dislocations treated were those of the meta-carpo-phalangeal joints and those of the shoulder joint.
With regard to those of the meta-carpo-phalangeal joint, the variously stated views as to the causes & varieties of the obstructions to easy reduction were cited, and the anatomical relationships of these joints were discussed in their bearings on these. The facts relating to a case recently treated by Dr Weir were then given. In this case there was a dislocation of the metacarpo-phalangeal joint of the forefinger and after efforts to reduce it by manipulation had failed, the joint was operated on and it was found that the lateral ligaments embraced the dislocated ends of the bones and formed the obstruction to reduction. The ligament on the radial side of the joint was divided and reduction was then accomplished with ease.
With regard to dislocations of the shoulder joint, the various methods which have been advocated for their reduction were discussed in detail viz. 1. Cole's method 2. the foot in the axilla 3. the knee in the axilla 4. Kocher's method 5. Huguier's method 6. & lastly the method described by White of Manchester. It is this last method that is recommended by Dr Weir in the treatment of dislocation at the shoulder joint and it consists in simple elevation of the limb combined with gentle extension.
T K Monro
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
Further reading:
Scarlet Fever
Diphtheria
Cole's method
Theodor Kocher
16 December, 2005
Notice of meeting: 'Clinical trials - do they always give the right answer?'
You are cordially invited to attend the meeting:
'Clinical trials - do they always give the right answer?'
Joint meeting with the Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society
Speaker: Professor Alan Silman, ARC Professor of Rheumatic Disease Epidemiology and Director of the ARC Epidemiology Unit at the University of Manchester.
Date and time: Thursday 12th January 2006 at 7.00pm for 7.30pm
Venue: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, Glasgow.
This meeting is open to all medical, nursing and paramedical staff.
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
'Clinical trials - do they always give the right answer?'
Joint meeting with the Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society
Speaker: Professor Alan Silman, ARC Professor of Rheumatic Disease Epidemiology and Director of the ARC Epidemiology Unit at the University of Manchester.
Date and time: Thursday 12th January 2006 at 7.00pm for 7.30pm
Venue: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, Glasgow.
This meeting is open to all medical, nursing and paramedical staff.
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
25 November, 2005
Tsunami - after the wave. Session 161 2005-6: Meeting II
The Society met in the Ebenezer Duncan Centre at The Victoria Infirmary on Thursday 24th November 2005 at 7pm. The President, Dr Philip Wilson, was in the chair.
Sederunt 35
I Apologies
Apologies were received from Dr David Kidd.
II Minutes
The minutes of the meeting of 13th October were accepted. Dr Wilson reminded members that minutes are published on the Society's website in addition to the written minute in the Society's minute book.
III Christie Cup
Dr Wilson presented the Christie Cup to Dr Ewing Forrester for winning the Bogey Competition at the Society's golf outing on 6th September.
IV Next meeting
Dr Wilson announced that the next meeting of the Society will be a joint meeting with the Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society on Thursday 12th January 2006 at the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow at 7.00 for 7.30pm. The lecture will be given by Prof Alan Silman, ARC Professor of Rheumatic Disease Epidemiology and Director of the ARC Epidemiology Unit at the University of Manchester. His talk will be entitled 'Clinical trials – do they always give the right answer?'
V Dr Willox's lecture
The President then invited Dr David Willox to give his lecture to the Society recounting his experiences as medical officer for the charity Glasgow the Caring City in the aftermath of the Asian tsunami. A précis of the paper follows this minute.
At the close of Dr Willox's talk, and following interesting discussion, the President called upon Dr Duncan Macintyre to move a vote of thanks to Dr Willox. This was most heartily responded to by members of the Society.
This was all the business and Dr Wilson closed the meeting.
Tsunami – after the wave
Dr Willox described Sri Lanka as a beautiful land populated by beautiful people. The warm currents of the Indian Ocean lap on sandy beaches. Along the coast, fishermen and their families live in small villages beside the shore. You might be forgiven for thinking that this is paradise. This is the picture you might have imagined on 25th December, 2004. Within 24 hours, all this changed. The Asian tsunami on Boxing Day killed a quarter of a million people, of whom 40,000 died in Sri Lanka.
As soon as reports of the tsunami reached the UK, local charity Glasgow the Caring City mobilised support and began collecting donations. Through the involvement of his wife Morag, Dr Willox volunteered to drive a van round Glasgow to uplift bags of clothes and other gifts. He soon found himself acting as medical officer to help sift through donations of medical items. It was a natural next step to join the small team of volunteers and fly out to Sri Lanka to begin the long process of supporting relief and regeneration.
Dr Willox described the destructive power of the waves. He showed photographs of shattered buildings, dead animals and birds, and the massive human toll. He showed how the scale of the debris was overwhelming. On closer inspection, what appeared to be small mounds of wood and masonry were, in fact, the bodies of men, women and children. In temperatures of 42°C and oppressive humidity, the smell was unbearable.
In March 2005, three months after the tsunami struck the coast of Sri Lanka, a team of volunteers from Glasgow the Caring City flew out to the Hikkaduwa region. Dr Willox and the rest of the team spent two weeks assessing needs and setting up projects. The only forensic pathologist in the area, Dr Clifford Perera, had been faced with the task of managing 6500 bodies. To put that in perspective, relief workers from Leicester indicated that 200 bodies over two weeks would be enough to strain local services in the UK. In spite of this, Dr Perera remained remarkably positive and the relief team were able to help him with donations of computer equipment and fund travel to a conference in Thailand on disaster victim identification and management.
After the terrorist attack on the twin towers in New York on September 11th 2001, people posted photographs of their missing relatives on a wall. In contrast, Dr Perera was only able to create a 'wall of the dead' – photographs of the dead bodies yet to be identified. In the scramble to recover and identify bodies, villagers claimed that a team of scientists from Interpol investigating the deaths of foreign nationals had shown callous disrespect in their handling of the bodies of local people.
Dr Willox went on to show photographs of the Galle to Colombo train which was partially derailed at Peralyia by the first tsunami wave. As the water withdrew, people sought refuge in the railway carriages, only to be caught by the second wave. There were stories of people lying injured and dying three days later when the press and news media arrived. Government rescue teams are said to have taken a further seven days to reach the scene. The official death toll was given as 1500, though the true figure is certainly much greater. In spite of this, Dr Willox was reluctant to criticise the Sri Lankan government given the scale of the disaster. A permanent memorial of three railway carriages has been created on the site.
It is easy to underestimate the difficulty of conducting worthwhile work in the aftermath of such a large disaster. The Disasters Emergency Committee had received donations amounting to £300 million, but the Sri Lankan government had been slow to identify priorties. In Peralyia there was an urgent need to provide shelter before the arrival of the monsoon season. Charities had built terraces of wooden huts. Unfortunately the local practice of using open fires for cooking had led to some shelters catching fire and being destroyed. Dr Willox alluded to conflicts of interest between fishermen who lived beside the sea for access to their boats, and corporate plans to build luxury hotels on the beaches. The 100 metre rule instituted after the tsunami prevented villagers from rebuilding their dwellings within 100m of the high tide mark. A model village had been built 10 kilometres inland, an impractical proposition for the fishermen. Other examples of poor relief work included the rebuilding of an obstetric ward in a hospital run by Dr Weerasinghe in Arachikanda at a time when delivery rates were falling as more women were going to a local consultant unit. Dr Weerasinghe dealt with up to 150 patients a day with very limited resources, and it was felt that the money might have been better spent.
On a smaller scale, there were some valuable charitable projects. With the rainy season about to start, the medical officers were concerned about the spread of infectious disease, particularly Dengue Fever and Japanese B Encephalitis. The tsunami had destroyed refrigerators in local hospitals resulting in the inability to store vaccines. This meant that children were no longer being immunized against infectious diseases. Glasgow the Caring City was able to help by donating fridges.
The library at Peralyia had survived the flood and had been transformed into a makeshift medical centre. Instrumental in this was a remarkable American nurse, Alison Thompson. Also here were Dr Shouren Datta and Dr Carolyn Datta who had been working in Chennai. On receiving news of the tsunami, they had moved to Sri Lanka to help with the relief work. Both were well known to members of the Society as Dr Shouren Datta had worked in gastroenterology at the Victoria Infirmary.
A principal aim of the charity was to engage in projects that were sustainable. An 82 year old rice farmer had had his paddy fields inundated by salt water. The charity was able to supply him with rice seed for replanting once the monsoon had washed the salt from the soil. This will enable him to feed himself and five other families. The Raka Institutional Complex provided respite care for the victims of abuse. With help to improve the rooms and by training more teachers it would be able to cater for an influx of 800 orphans.
Dr Willox accepted that much of the work amounted to applying a sticking plaster on a gaping wound, but through small acts, Glasgow the Caring City was able to make a material difference to the lives of ordinary people. He spoke briefly of some future plans to arrange surgery for two deaf twin boys. Dr Willox encouraged members of the Society to support the work of Glasgow the Caring City as it continues to provide help in Sri Lanka and other areas of the World.
Listen again:
Download hi-fi mp3 78.0Mb
Download lo-fi mp3 39.0Mb
Listen to lo-fi stream
Further reading:
Glasgow the Caring City
Sri Lanka Report
After the Tsunami: Legal Implications of Mass Burials of Unidentified Victims in Sri Lanka
Revisiting the Tsunami: Health Consequences of Flooding
Alison Thompson's diary
The Waste Land
TS Eliot
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
tags: tsunami sri lanka
Sederunt 35
I Apologies
Apologies were received from Dr David Kidd.
II Minutes
The minutes of the meeting of 13th October were accepted. Dr Wilson reminded members that minutes are published on the Society's website in addition to the written minute in the Society's minute book.
III Christie Cup
Dr Wilson presented the Christie Cup to Dr Ewing Forrester for winning the Bogey Competition at the Society's golf outing on 6th September.
IV Next meeting
Dr Wilson announced that the next meeting of the Society will be a joint meeting with the Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society on Thursday 12th January 2006 at the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow at 7.00 for 7.30pm. The lecture will be given by Prof Alan Silman, ARC Professor of Rheumatic Disease Epidemiology and Director of the ARC Epidemiology Unit at the University of Manchester. His talk will be entitled 'Clinical trials – do they always give the right answer?'
V Dr Willox's lecture
The President then invited Dr David Willox to give his lecture to the Society recounting his experiences as medical officer for the charity Glasgow the Caring City in the aftermath of the Asian tsunami. A précis of the paper follows this minute.
At the close of Dr Willox's talk, and following interesting discussion, the President called upon Dr Duncan Macintyre to move a vote of thanks to Dr Willox. This was most heartily responded to by members of the Society.
This was all the business and Dr Wilson closed the meeting.
Tsunami – after the wave
Dr Willox described Sri Lanka as a beautiful land populated by beautiful people. The warm currents of the Indian Ocean lap on sandy beaches. Along the coast, fishermen and their families live in small villages beside the shore. You might be forgiven for thinking that this is paradise. This is the picture you might have imagined on 25th December, 2004. Within 24 hours, all this changed. The Asian tsunami on Boxing Day killed a quarter of a million people, of whom 40,000 died in Sri Lanka.
As soon as reports of the tsunami reached the UK, local charity Glasgow the Caring City mobilised support and began collecting donations. Through the involvement of his wife Morag, Dr Willox volunteered to drive a van round Glasgow to uplift bags of clothes and other gifts. He soon found himself acting as medical officer to help sift through donations of medical items. It was a natural next step to join the small team of volunteers and fly out to Sri Lanka to begin the long process of supporting relief and regeneration.
Dr Willox described the destructive power of the waves. He showed photographs of shattered buildings, dead animals and birds, and the massive human toll. He showed how the scale of the debris was overwhelming. On closer inspection, what appeared to be small mounds of wood and masonry were, in fact, the bodies of men, women and children. In temperatures of 42°C and oppressive humidity, the smell was unbearable.
In March 2005, three months after the tsunami struck the coast of Sri Lanka, a team of volunteers from Glasgow the Caring City flew out to the Hikkaduwa region. Dr Willox and the rest of the team spent two weeks assessing needs and setting up projects. The only forensic pathologist in the area, Dr Clifford Perera, had been faced with the task of managing 6500 bodies. To put that in perspective, relief workers from Leicester indicated that 200 bodies over two weeks would be enough to strain local services in the UK. In spite of this, Dr Perera remained remarkably positive and the relief team were able to help him with donations of computer equipment and fund travel to a conference in Thailand on disaster victim identification and management.
After the terrorist attack on the twin towers in New York on September 11th 2001, people posted photographs of their missing relatives on a wall. In contrast, Dr Perera was only able to create a 'wall of the dead' – photographs of the dead bodies yet to be identified. In the scramble to recover and identify bodies, villagers claimed that a team of scientists from Interpol investigating the deaths of foreign nationals had shown callous disrespect in their handling of the bodies of local people.
Dr Willox went on to show photographs of the Galle to Colombo train which was partially derailed at Peralyia by the first tsunami wave. As the water withdrew, people sought refuge in the railway carriages, only to be caught by the second wave. There were stories of people lying injured and dying three days later when the press and news media arrived. Government rescue teams are said to have taken a further seven days to reach the scene. The official death toll was given as 1500, though the true figure is certainly much greater. In spite of this, Dr Willox was reluctant to criticise the Sri Lankan government given the scale of the disaster. A permanent memorial of three railway carriages has been created on the site.
It is easy to underestimate the difficulty of conducting worthwhile work in the aftermath of such a large disaster. The Disasters Emergency Committee had received donations amounting to £300 million, but the Sri Lankan government had been slow to identify priorties. In Peralyia there was an urgent need to provide shelter before the arrival of the monsoon season. Charities had built terraces of wooden huts. Unfortunately the local practice of using open fires for cooking had led to some shelters catching fire and being destroyed. Dr Willox alluded to conflicts of interest between fishermen who lived beside the sea for access to their boats, and corporate plans to build luxury hotels on the beaches. The 100 metre rule instituted after the tsunami prevented villagers from rebuilding their dwellings within 100m of the high tide mark. A model village had been built 10 kilometres inland, an impractical proposition for the fishermen. Other examples of poor relief work included the rebuilding of an obstetric ward in a hospital run by Dr Weerasinghe in Arachikanda at a time when delivery rates were falling as more women were going to a local consultant unit. Dr Weerasinghe dealt with up to 150 patients a day with very limited resources, and it was felt that the money might have been better spent.
On a smaller scale, there were some valuable charitable projects. With the rainy season about to start, the medical officers were concerned about the spread of infectious disease, particularly Dengue Fever and Japanese B Encephalitis. The tsunami had destroyed refrigerators in local hospitals resulting in the inability to store vaccines. This meant that children were no longer being immunized against infectious diseases. Glasgow the Caring City was able to help by donating fridges.
The library at Peralyia had survived the flood and had been transformed into a makeshift medical centre. Instrumental in this was a remarkable American nurse, Alison Thompson. Also here were Dr Shouren Datta and Dr Carolyn Datta who had been working in Chennai. On receiving news of the tsunami, they had moved to Sri Lanka to help with the relief work. Both were well known to members of the Society as Dr Shouren Datta had worked in gastroenterology at the Victoria Infirmary.
A principal aim of the charity was to engage in projects that were sustainable. An 82 year old rice farmer had had his paddy fields inundated by salt water. The charity was able to supply him with rice seed for replanting once the monsoon had washed the salt from the soil. This will enable him to feed himself and five other families. The Raka Institutional Complex provided respite care for the victims of abuse. With help to improve the rooms and by training more teachers it would be able to cater for an influx of 800 orphans.
Dr Willox accepted that much of the work amounted to applying a sticking plaster on a gaping wound, but through small acts, Glasgow the Caring City was able to make a material difference to the lives of ordinary people. He spoke briefly of some future plans to arrange surgery for two deaf twin boys. Dr Willox encouraged members of the Society to support the work of Glasgow the Caring City as it continues to provide help in Sri Lanka and other areas of the World.
Listen again:
Download hi-fi mp3 78.0Mb
Download lo-fi mp3 39.0Mb
Listen to lo-fi stream
Further reading:
Glasgow the Caring City
Sri Lanka Report
After the Tsunami: Legal Implications of Mass Burials of Unidentified Victims in Sri Lanka
Revisiting the Tsunami: Health Consequences of Flooding
Alison Thompson's diary
The Waste Land
TS Eliot
Maslow's hierarchy of needs
tags: tsunami sri lanka
16 November, 2005
100 years ago: Session 1905-06; Meeting IV - Sleeping Sickness
Sederunt 35
The Society met in the rooms of the Medical Club 22 Carlton Place on Thursday 16th November 1905 at 9 p.m.
The President, Professor Stockman, was in the chair, and in all 35 gentlemen were present.
I Minutes
The minutes of last meeting were read and approved.
II New Members
1. On the motion of the Chairman the ballot was dispensed with and Dr Edward J. Primrose was declared elected a member of the Society.
2. The Secretary read two proposals for membership viz.
Dr Wm. Barr Inglis Pollock 13 Belgrave Terrace
Proposed by Dr Alexander Morton.
Seconded by Dr John P. Duncan.
Dr John Paton, 21 Moray Place
Proposed by Dr James Hamilton.
Seconded by Dr James Weir.
III Captain Greig's paper
Captain Greig I.M.S. then gave a most interesting & full account of the researches on "Sleeping Sickness", conducted by the Royal Society's Commission in Uganda and the Nile Valley, and showed many lantern slides illustrative of his remarks.
A precis of the paper follows this minute.
At the close of Captain Greig's account the President moved a hearty vote of thanks to Captain Greig & this was at once heartily responded to. Professor Stockman also made some remarks on paracytic diseases carried by means of flies, and on the action of arsenic in improving and alleviating the condition of the patient in many diseases without actually bringing about a permanent cure.
Professor Muir then made a few remarks anent the absence of immunity even after the long course pursued by the disease; & in this connection said he thought innoculation would probably be useless. He then referred to Ehrlich's work on the aniline dyes and their action on paracytic diseases.
Drs McGilvray, Reid, Halliday, Burgess & Dunlop also took part in the discussion & asked various questions.
Captain Greig then replied to the questions and explained some points he had omitted to refer to in his account.
This was all the business.
Precis of Captain Greig's paper
The serious nature of the disease was first referred to. It is estimated that there have been 100,000 deaths from it since the outbreak of the epidemic in 1900, and there is the possibility of it spreading widely along trade routes. The geographical distribution of the disease was then spoken of. In the Uganda district it is found mainly on the shore and islands at the northern end of Victoria nyanza & affects a belt measuring from 10 to 15 miles from the shore. Until 5 or 6 years ago this was practically a closed district but since then caravans have opened it up & no doubt these serve to carry infection along the trade routes.
The symptomatology of the disease was next discussed. It may be divided into 3 stages, 1st onset with few or no symptoms 2nd stage of sleepiness & emaciation 3rd stage of sleep ending in death with extreme emaciation.
Temperature
Stage 1. may be normal for 2 or 3 years.
Stage 2. Slight irregularity with slight fever.
Stage 3. Markedly subnormal for a week or two before death & may fall to the temperature of the surrounding air viz about 93° F.
Enlarged glands are present all over the body in the 2nd stage, & these are full of the paracyte of the disease.
The sleepy look appears on the face during the 2nd stage.
Emaciation always appears during the second stage & sometimes marked nervous symptoms also come on e.g. acute mania.
Profound sleep, from which however the patient may be roused by vigorous measures appears in the third stage & this is accompanied by extreme emaciation & always ends in death.
The blood contains the paracyte in the early stages of the disease and it is also present in the cerebrospinal fluid in the later stages.
Pathology of the disease.
The lymph glands both superficial & deep are enlarged & full of the paracyte. The Brain presents no special features macroscopically but microscopically there are crowds of leucocytes round the vessels & in the last stages streptococci are present. In both blood & cerebrospinal fluid there is a marked increase of mono-nucleated white cells. The stomach presents numerous small ulcers due to the digestion of submucous petechiae and in the heart numerous petechiae are also present.
Experimental work was carried out in a woodlined-iron laboratory. Monkeys were largely used for experiment.
Characteristics of the Paracyte.
It is a trypanosome & belongs to the flagellata. It reproduces itself by fission & sometimes it may divide more than once without separation of the new individuals from each other so that a rosette is formed.
It is an elongated fusiform body possessing nucleus, micro nucleus, a thin vibratory fin extending along its whole length and terminating in a simple flagellum the micro nucleus being at the opposite pole to the attachment of the flagellum. Vacuoles & what seem to be food particles are usually present & the organism is about 3 times the length of the diametre of a red blood corpuscle. Similar forms of trypanosomata are also found in various forms of cattle disease in Uganda & Abyssinia.
Large numbers of natives in the infected area and also in non infected areas were examined. The blood cerebrospinal fluid & gland juices were investigated. The details of the methods adopted in such examinations were discussed. It was found that from 50 to 70 % of the population in the affected area was infected & in the early stage of the disease, while in a large number of diseased & healthy natives examined in non infected areas no trypanosomata were found. A number of the infected cases were followed out. Some died in the 3rd Stage: some died of pneumonia: some are fairly well still, & some may recover, but no case of recovery from the 3rd Stage is known. The exact area of distribution of sleeping sickness was mapped out and in these areas a fly (Glossina Palpalis) was found to be abundant, while in the free areas it was absent. Imported cases dying in a fly-free area do not spread the disease for other biting flies cannot carry the paracyte & infect man. If one Glossina Palpalis bite an infected subject and take up from his blood a single Trypanosome the paracyte proliferates enormously in the stomach & the next man punctured by the fly's proboscis becomes infected. This fly does not flourish in the open but prefers the cooler & shadier forrest. Many of these flies were captured & after being fed on an infected subject were caused to bite a healthy monkey at varying periods after ingestion of the infective meal. It was found that 48 hours seemed to be the limit of infectivity of a fly after infection, but that the monkey bitten within that period always developed the disease. Flies freshly caught in the sleeping sickness area were proved to be infective.
Treatment.
Arsenic & aniline dyes in combination were used & have an effect in reducing the numbers of paracytes present in the body & no doubt prolong life, but relapses constantly occur. This part of the investigation is still being vigorously worked at. Many interesting slides were then shown to illustrate the type of country and mode of life there of natives & whites & finally it was explained with reference to animal trypansomiasis that wild animals, themselves immune, might contain in their blood thousands of trypanosomata and thus act as reservoirs of the disease.
In reply to the remarks made by various gentlemen it was explained that no doubt the greater care exercised by the whites, their greater resistance, and the wearing of clothes, were factors in the prevention of the disease in their case; but one white man, a gardener, had been infected & is at present in this country ill with the disease. The incubation period seems to be from 8 days to 3 weeks. Wild monkeys do not permit the fly to bite them & so escape the disease.
Ralph Stockman
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
Further reading
Paul Ehrlich
Uganda
Nyanza
Abyssinia
Sleeping sickness
Glossina palpalis
The Society met in the rooms of the Medical Club 22 Carlton Place on Thursday 16th November 1905 at 9 p.m.
The President, Professor Stockman, was in the chair, and in all 35 gentlemen were present.
I Minutes
The minutes of last meeting were read and approved.
II New Members
1. On the motion of the Chairman the ballot was dispensed with and Dr Edward J. Primrose was declared elected a member of the Society.
2. The Secretary read two proposals for membership viz.
Dr Wm. Barr Inglis Pollock 13 Belgrave Terrace
Proposed by Dr Alexander Morton.
Seconded by Dr John P. Duncan.
Dr John Paton, 21 Moray Place
Proposed by Dr James Hamilton.
Seconded by Dr James Weir.
III Captain Greig's paper
Captain Greig I.M.S. then gave a most interesting & full account of the researches on "Sleeping Sickness", conducted by the Royal Society's Commission in Uganda and the Nile Valley, and showed many lantern slides illustrative of his remarks.
A precis of the paper follows this minute.
At the close of Captain Greig's account the President moved a hearty vote of thanks to Captain Greig & this was at once heartily responded to. Professor Stockman also made some remarks on paracytic diseases carried by means of flies, and on the action of arsenic in improving and alleviating the condition of the patient in many diseases without actually bringing about a permanent cure.
Professor Muir then made a few remarks anent the absence of immunity even after the long course pursued by the disease; & in this connection said he thought innoculation would probably be useless. He then referred to Ehrlich's work on the aniline dyes and their action on paracytic diseases.
Drs McGilvray, Reid, Halliday, Burgess & Dunlop also took part in the discussion & asked various questions.
Captain Greig then replied to the questions and explained some points he had omitted to refer to in his account.
This was all the business.
Precis of Captain Greig's paper
The serious nature of the disease was first referred to. It is estimated that there have been 100,000 deaths from it since the outbreak of the epidemic in 1900, and there is the possibility of it spreading widely along trade routes. The geographical distribution of the disease was then spoken of. In the Uganda district it is found mainly on the shore and islands at the northern end of Victoria nyanza & affects a belt measuring from 10 to 15 miles from the shore. Until 5 or 6 years ago this was practically a closed district but since then caravans have opened it up & no doubt these serve to carry infection along the trade routes.
The symptomatology of the disease was next discussed. It may be divided into 3 stages, 1st onset with few or no symptoms 2nd stage of sleepiness & emaciation 3rd stage of sleep ending in death with extreme emaciation.
Temperature
Stage 1. may be normal for 2 or 3 years.
Stage 2. Slight irregularity with slight fever.
Stage 3. Markedly subnormal for a week or two before death & may fall to the temperature of the surrounding air viz about 93° F.
Enlarged glands are present all over the body in the 2nd stage, & these are full of the paracyte of the disease.
The sleepy look appears on the face during the 2nd stage.
Emaciation always appears during the second stage & sometimes marked nervous symptoms also come on e.g. acute mania.
Profound sleep, from which however the patient may be roused by vigorous measures appears in the third stage & this is accompanied by extreme emaciation & always ends in death.
The blood contains the paracyte in the early stages of the disease and it is also present in the cerebrospinal fluid in the later stages.
Pathology of the disease.
The lymph glands both superficial & deep are enlarged & full of the paracyte. The Brain presents no special features macroscopically but microscopically there are crowds of leucocytes round the vessels & in the last stages streptococci are present. In both blood & cerebrospinal fluid there is a marked increase of mono-nucleated white cells. The stomach presents numerous small ulcers due to the digestion of submucous petechiae and in the heart numerous petechiae are also present.
Experimental work was carried out in a woodlined-iron laboratory. Monkeys were largely used for experiment.
Characteristics of the Paracyte.
It is a trypanosome & belongs to the flagellata. It reproduces itself by fission & sometimes it may divide more than once without separation of the new individuals from each other so that a rosette is formed.
It is an elongated fusiform body possessing nucleus, micro nucleus, a thin vibratory fin extending along its whole length and terminating in a simple flagellum the micro nucleus being at the opposite pole to the attachment of the flagellum. Vacuoles & what seem to be food particles are usually present & the organism is about 3 times the length of the diametre of a red blood corpuscle. Similar forms of trypanosomata are also found in various forms of cattle disease in Uganda & Abyssinia.
Large numbers of natives in the infected area and also in non infected areas were examined. The blood cerebrospinal fluid & gland juices were investigated. The details of the methods adopted in such examinations were discussed. It was found that from 50 to 70 % of the population in the affected area was infected & in the early stage of the disease, while in a large number of diseased & healthy natives examined in non infected areas no trypanosomata were found. A number of the infected cases were followed out. Some died in the 3rd Stage: some died of pneumonia: some are fairly well still, & some may recover, but no case of recovery from the 3rd Stage is known. The exact area of distribution of sleeping sickness was mapped out and in these areas a fly (Glossina Palpalis) was found to be abundant, while in the free areas it was absent. Imported cases dying in a fly-free area do not spread the disease for other biting flies cannot carry the paracyte & infect man. If one Glossina Palpalis bite an infected subject and take up from his blood a single Trypanosome the paracyte proliferates enormously in the stomach & the next man punctured by the fly's proboscis becomes infected. This fly does not flourish in the open but prefers the cooler & shadier forrest. Many of these flies were captured & after being fed on an infected subject were caused to bite a healthy monkey at varying periods after ingestion of the infective meal. It was found that 48 hours seemed to be the limit of infectivity of a fly after infection, but that the monkey bitten within that period always developed the disease. Flies freshly caught in the sleeping sickness area were proved to be infective.
Treatment.
Arsenic & aniline dyes in combination were used & have an effect in reducing the numbers of paracytes present in the body & no doubt prolong life, but relapses constantly occur. This part of the investigation is still being vigorously worked at. Many interesting slides were then shown to illustrate the type of country and mode of life there of natives & whites & finally it was explained with reference to animal trypansomiasis that wild animals, themselves immune, might contain in their blood thousands of trypanosomata and thus act as reservoirs of the disease.
In reply to the remarks made by various gentlemen it was explained that no doubt the greater care exercised by the whites, their greater resistance, and the wearing of clothes, were factors in the prevention of the disease in their case; but one white man, a gardener, had been infected & is at present in this country ill with the disease. The incubation period seems to be from 8 days to 3 weeks. Wild monkeys do not permit the fly to bite them & so escape the disease.
Ralph Stockman
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
Further reading
Paul Ehrlich
Uganda
Nyanza
Abyssinia
Sleeping sickness
Glossina palpalis
14 November, 2005
Notice of meeting: 'Tsunami - after the wave'
You are cordially invited to attend the meeting:
'Tsunami - after the wave'
Medical charity work in Sri Lanka
Speaker: Dr David Willox
Southside GP
Date and time: Thursday 24th November 2005 at 7.00pm
Venue: Ebenezer Duncan Centre, The Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow
This meeting is open to all medical, nursing and paramedical staff.
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
Please note that the lecture and subsequent discussion will be recorded for later publication on the Society's website.
Photo credit: oregongirl! published here under a non-commercial Creative Commons licence.
02 November, 2005
100 years ago: Session 1905-06; Meeting III - The use of the Cystoscope
Sederunt 34
The Society met in the rooms of the Medical Club, 22 Carlton Place on the evening of Thursday 2nd November 1905 at 9pm.
The President, Professor Stockman, was in the chair and in all 34 gentlemen were present.
I Minutes
The minutes of the last two meetings were read and approved of.
II Correspondence
The secretary read a letter from the Medico-Chirurgical Society, Glasgow, in which members of the Society were invited to be present at an address, to be given, on Nov. 3rd by Mr W. Sampson Handley F.R.C.S. & Hunterian Professor, Royal College of Surgeons England, Subject: "On the mode of spread of Breast Cancer: with special reference to operative treatment."
III New Members
The secretary read a proposal for membership viz.
Dr Edward J. Primrose 551 Dumbarton Rd. Partick
Proposed by John P. Duncan
Seconded by R. Wardrop Forrest
IV Dr Newman's demonstration
Dr David Newman then gave a most interesting and instructive demonstration on "The use of the Cystosope" & illustrated his remarks by means of an opaque projector.
A precis of the demonstration follows this minute. The Chairman at the conclusion of the demonstration made a few remarks on the subject and moved a vote of thanks to Dr Newman. This was most cordially responded to, and then Dr Newman replied in a few words.
V Tariff of Fees
The Secretary moved as follows:
"That, as recommended by the Council of the Society, the Tariff of Fees printed at the end of the book of laws be adopted by the Society".
He explained that the Tariff had not been readopted for several years, and that it was of some importance, in the case of legal proceedings being taken by a member of the Society for recovery of fees, that the tariff should be formally readopted by the Society from time to time.
This was carried [...]
VI Dr J. C. MacEwen's statement
Dr J. C. MacEwen intimated that he had been requested to ascertain the views of the Society on the proposal brought forward by the Eastern Medical Society that a dance be held this winter under the auspices of the Southern, Eastern & Northern Medical Societies. After some discussion, on the suggestion of Dr McGilvray, it was agreed that the matter came within the province of the Amusements Committee of the Medical Club & that Dr MacEwen should approach this committee.
This was all the Business.
Precis of Dr Newman's Demonstration
Dr David Newman demonstrated by means of an opaque projector the cystoscopic appearances of the urinary bladder as presented by the mucous membrane of the trigone and the orifices of the ureters in certain diseases of the kidney. He described his first electric cystoscope (January 1883) still armed with the first electric lamp introduced into a human bladder, and then showed his present cystoscope, which fulfilled the following requirements:–
1. Comparatively small lumen of stem to avoid injury to the urethra or neck of bladder.
2. Large field of vision and a clear view.
3. Easy means of clearing the [...] , should it become obscured, without [...] stem of instrument from bladder
4. Good illumination without danger of scalding the mucous membrane of the bladder.
5. Ease in sterilizing the instrument
6. Facility in emptying the bladder should it be necessary without removing the cystoscope.
7. Ability to demonstrate to a second observer the object seen
8. Means of steadying the instrument during [...] of fixing prism cystoscope at any point, and of defining clearly position of a lesion.
He then demonstrated, by means of a special opaque projector the appearances seen through the cystoscope, so arranged that only a portion of the diagram was illustrated at one time upon the screen: by moving the diagram the appearance of the mucous membrane was seen, bit by bit, as in an inspection with the cystoscope. He first illustrated some easily recognised lesions of the viscal mucous membrane, such as hyperaemia of the bladder in a case of injury to the medulla oblongata, and then an extensive series of morbid conditions, such as ulcers, encysted and other calculi, new growths, ascending and descending urethritis, shoots of blood from the ureters. The last named condition was demonstrated by means of a most impressive working model.
Finally he drew the following conclusions:-
I. When one ureter orifice is altered, the other normal, the renal lesion is on the side of the [...] ureter.
II. When the urinary shoots are more frequent on one side than on the other
a. greater functional activity is indicated by the shoots being uniform in size and regular in rhythm.
b. undue irritation of the kidney is inferred when the shoots, while frequent are irregular in rhythm, unequal, and small in size.
c. Stricture, stone, or chronic ureteritis is suspected when the shoots are distorted in form or irregular in amount.
III. When the urine does not escape in distinct jets
a. dilatation of ureter without paralysis of sphincter is indicated when the urine dribbles into the bladder at intervals.
b. paralysis of sphincter is shown by urine flowing into bladder almost continuously.
IV. The character of morbid fluids escaping from the ureter, or of clots of blood &c, occupying its opening, denotes the changes taking place in the corresponding kidney.
V. The deformity of the orifice also indicates the character of the renal disease
a. Pin-head contraction (chronic inflammation, or impacted calculus)
b. elongated and distorted (distension of renal pelvis or infected nephritis)
c. swollen or pouting (prolonged but not acute inflammation of the renal parenchyma)
d. dilated (advanced tuberculous or calculous pyonephrosis)
e. U shaped (significance doubtful – usually denotes prolonged irritation of renal pelvis).
Ralph Stockman
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
The Society met in the rooms of the Medical Club, 22 Carlton Place on the evening of Thursday 2nd November 1905 at 9pm.
The President, Professor Stockman, was in the chair and in all 34 gentlemen were present.
I Minutes
The minutes of the last two meetings were read and approved of.
II Correspondence
The secretary read a letter from the Medico-Chirurgical Society, Glasgow, in which members of the Society were invited to be present at an address, to be given, on Nov. 3rd by Mr W. Sampson Handley F.R.C.S. & Hunterian Professor, Royal College of Surgeons England, Subject: "On the mode of spread of Breast Cancer: with special reference to operative treatment."
III New Members
The secretary read a proposal for membership viz.
Dr Edward J. Primrose 551 Dumbarton Rd. Partick
Proposed by John P. Duncan
Seconded by R. Wardrop Forrest
IV Dr Newman's demonstration
Dr David Newman then gave a most interesting and instructive demonstration on "The use of the Cystosope" & illustrated his remarks by means of an opaque projector.
A precis of the demonstration follows this minute. The Chairman at the conclusion of the demonstration made a few remarks on the subject and moved a vote of thanks to Dr Newman. This was most cordially responded to, and then Dr Newman replied in a few words.
V Tariff of Fees
The Secretary moved as follows:
"That, as recommended by the Council of the Society, the Tariff of Fees printed at the end of the book of laws be adopted by the Society".
He explained that the Tariff had not been readopted for several years, and that it was of some importance, in the case of legal proceedings being taken by a member of the Society for recovery of fees, that the tariff should be formally readopted by the Society from time to time.
This was carried [...]
VI Dr J. C. MacEwen's statement
Dr J. C. MacEwen intimated that he had been requested to ascertain the views of the Society on the proposal brought forward by the Eastern Medical Society that a dance be held this winter under the auspices of the Southern, Eastern & Northern Medical Societies. After some discussion, on the suggestion of Dr McGilvray, it was agreed that the matter came within the province of the Amusements Committee of the Medical Club & that Dr MacEwen should approach this committee.
This was all the Business.
Precis of Dr Newman's Demonstration
Dr David Newman demonstrated by means of an opaque projector the cystoscopic appearances of the urinary bladder as presented by the mucous membrane of the trigone and the orifices of the ureters in certain diseases of the kidney. He described his first electric cystoscope (January 1883) still armed with the first electric lamp introduced into a human bladder, and then showed his present cystoscope, which fulfilled the following requirements:–
1. Comparatively small lumen of stem to avoid injury to the urethra or neck of bladder.
2. Large field of vision and a clear view.
3. Easy means of clearing the [...] , should it become obscured, without [...] stem of instrument from bladder
4. Good illumination without danger of scalding the mucous membrane of the bladder.
5. Ease in sterilizing the instrument
6. Facility in emptying the bladder should it be necessary without removing the cystoscope.
7. Ability to demonstrate to a second observer the object seen
8. Means of steadying the instrument during [...] of fixing prism cystoscope at any point, and of defining clearly position of a lesion.
He then demonstrated, by means of a special opaque projector the appearances seen through the cystoscope, so arranged that only a portion of the diagram was illustrated at one time upon the screen: by moving the diagram the appearance of the mucous membrane was seen, bit by bit, as in an inspection with the cystoscope. He first illustrated some easily recognised lesions of the viscal mucous membrane, such as hyperaemia of the bladder in a case of injury to the medulla oblongata, and then an extensive series of morbid conditions, such as ulcers, encysted and other calculi, new growths, ascending and descending urethritis, shoots of blood from the ureters. The last named condition was demonstrated by means of a most impressive working model.
Finally he drew the following conclusions:-
I. When one ureter orifice is altered, the other normal, the renal lesion is on the side of the [...] ureter.
II. When the urinary shoots are more frequent on one side than on the other
a. greater functional activity is indicated by the shoots being uniform in size and regular in rhythm.
b. undue irritation of the kidney is inferred when the shoots, while frequent are irregular in rhythm, unequal, and small in size.
c. Stricture, stone, or chronic ureteritis is suspected when the shoots are distorted in form or irregular in amount.
III. When the urine does not escape in distinct jets
a. dilatation of ureter without paralysis of sphincter is indicated when the urine dribbles into the bladder at intervals.
b. paralysis of sphincter is shown by urine flowing into bladder almost continuously.
IV. The character of morbid fluids escaping from the ureter, or of clots of blood &c, occupying its opening, denotes the changes taking place in the corresponding kidney.
V. The deformity of the orifice also indicates the character of the renal disease
a. Pin-head contraction (chronic inflammation, or impacted calculus)
b. elongated and distorted (distension of renal pelvis or infected nephritis)
c. swollen or pouting (prolonged but not acute inflammation of the renal parenchyma)
d. dilated (advanced tuberculous or calculous pyonephrosis)
e. U shaped (significance doubtful – usually denotes prolonged irritation of renal pelvis).
Ralph Stockman
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
26 October, 2005
"Group of Gentlemen present at the Luss Pic-nic June 1873"
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1 Minute Book No. 2
23 October, 2005
100 years ago: Session 1905-06; Meeting II
Sederunt 47
The Annual Dinner of the Society was held in the Grosvenor Restaurant Gordon Street, Glasgow on Thursday 19th October 1905.
Dinner was served about 7pm.
The President was in the chair and Sir Wm Taylor KCB the honorary president of the Society was present as guest of the society. In all 47 gentlemen were present.
The dinner was excellent and well served.
The usual toasts were proposed & responded to heartily, and many interesting and amusing after dinner speeches were evolved in this connection.
During dinner music was provided by members of the Grosvenor Restaurant band and after dinner a varied programme of songs, recitations, picolo & piano selections was gone through by members & their guests the names of the performers being Drs Gunn, Wright Thomson, Wauchope, Bruce, T.K. Monro, Lang, Richmond & R.T. Halliday & Messers [...] White & MacCallum.
During the course of the evening the names of the following 3 gentlemen were proposed for membership
1. Alexander McWilliam Watson, MB ChB.
Proposed by D. Johnston Fletcher
Seconded by John P. Duncan
2. A. Whyte Cassie 3 Clelland Place Ibrox
Proposed by R.T. Halliday
Seconded by A. Brown Kelly.
3. David Newman 28 Woodside Place
Proposed by John P. Duncan
Seconded by R. Wardrop Forrest
The President proposed that these gentlemen be forthwith elected & this was carried unanimously.
After a most enjoyable evening the dinner party broke up shortly after 11pm.
Ralph Stockman
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
The Annual Dinner of the Society was held in the Grosvenor Restaurant Gordon Street, Glasgow on Thursday 19th October 1905.
Dinner was served about 7pm.
The President was in the chair and Sir Wm Taylor KCB the honorary president of the Society was present as guest of the society. In all 47 gentlemen were present.
The dinner was excellent and well served.
The usual toasts were proposed & responded to heartily, and many interesting and amusing after dinner speeches were evolved in this connection.
During dinner music was provided by members of the Grosvenor Restaurant band and after dinner a varied programme of songs, recitations, picolo & piano selections was gone through by members & their guests the names of the performers being Drs Gunn, Wright Thomson, Wauchope, Bruce, T.K. Monro, Lang, Richmond & R.T. Halliday & Messers [...] White & MacCallum.
During the course of the evening the names of the following 3 gentlemen were proposed for membership
1. Alexander McWilliam Watson, MB ChB.
Proposed by D. Johnston Fletcher
Seconded by John P. Duncan
2. A. Whyte Cassie 3 Clelland Place Ibrox
Proposed by R.T. Halliday
Seconded by A. Brown Kelly.
3. David Newman 28 Woodside Place
Proposed by John P. Duncan
Seconded by R. Wardrop Forrest
The President proposed that these gentlemen be forthwith elected & this was carried unanimously.
After a most enjoyable evening the dinner party broke up shortly after 11pm.
Ralph Stockman
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
19 October, 2005
Session 161 2005-6: Presidential Address - What's so special about the first year of life?
Presidential address given to The Society on Thursday 13th October 2005 by Dr Philip Wilson.
What's so special about the first year of life?
How do the experiences of babies shape their destiny?
The meeting was chaired by Dr David Vernon, President for the 160th session. The minutes of the previous meeting were approved. Dr Vernon informed members of the death of Dr Gerry Creane but also of the recovery from prolonged serious illness of Dr Stephan Slater who remains a strong supporter of the Society. Dr Jonathan Oates was introducing an innovation of recording the meeting to be available via the Society’s new web site—www.gsms.org.uk.
Dr Vernon then introduced our President for the session, Dr Philip Wilson, a man like himself with Manx connections, whose work is split between a local surgery and the University department of General Practice.
Phil gave a fascinating insight into evidence for first year influences in later social development. Brain development continues after birth – to a much greater extent in humans than other species – and this development is influenced by external factors. Thus physiological evidence indicates the influence of visual input on visual cortical connections during the first year of life. This plasticity of the brain seems to last longer in some other brain areas such as the pre-frontal cortex with potential influence on behaviour patterns. Different patterns of response in babies to strange situations are seen in what might be regarded as different levels of security of parental care. Is it possible that such early influences determine behaviour patterns followed in later life?
Dr Wilson’s talk concentrated on disruptive behaviour in young adults – a range of identified conduct disorders. An unattractive series of studies in monkeys demonstrates continued behaviour effects of a period of social deprivation in early months. Observations in Romanian orphans who suffered effectively similar isolation support these conclusions with identification of a reactive attachment disorder where individuals can be abnormally inhibited or disinhibited in forming relationships. Harsh and inconsistent parenting has similarly been related to future conduct disorders. Intriguingly the strength of these levels becomes much clearer when a potential genetic effect is taken into account – a New Zealand study shows evidence of genetic linkage and protection from raised levels of MAO. Increasingly there is evidence in study of various behaviour disorders of substantial genetic factors modified by early life experiences. These disorders cost society – a group of London 10 year olds with conduct disorders cost 10 times their peers in care and support by age 28.
Can we intervene? We were treated to a video demonstration of one area where parenting can be insensitive or unresponsive – post-natal depression. Intervention with a 'mellow parenting' package dramatically altered the obvious shared communication between mother and child. A New York randomized study of regular health visitor type intervention up to the age of 2 years substantially reduced various behaviour problems at age 15. Such clearcut evidence will be difficult to obtain. However, there is now sufficient evidence of the long term improvement of these first year experiences to justify an emphasis on good support for parenting when potential problems are apparent.
After considerable discussion of Dr Wilson’s paper, Dr Douglas Mack gave a vote of thanks, reminding the audience of the challenging breath of fresh thinking felt by many when Phil first arrived on the scene as a local GP. Dr Vernon reminded members of the forthcoming dinner and closed the meeting.
35 members had been in attendance.
Listen again
Download slides
tags: primary care child development deprivation psychology epidemiology
What's so special about the first year of life?
How do the experiences of babies shape their destiny?
The meeting was chaired by Dr David Vernon, President for the 160th session. The minutes of the previous meeting were approved. Dr Vernon informed members of the death of Dr Gerry Creane but also of the recovery from prolonged serious illness of Dr Stephan Slater who remains a strong supporter of the Society. Dr Jonathan Oates was introducing an innovation of recording the meeting to be available via the Society’s new web site—www.gsms.org.uk.
Dr Vernon then introduced our President for the session, Dr Philip Wilson, a man like himself with Manx connections, whose work is split between a local surgery and the University department of General Practice.
Phil gave a fascinating insight into evidence for first year influences in later social development. Brain development continues after birth – to a much greater extent in humans than other species – and this development is influenced by external factors. Thus physiological evidence indicates the influence of visual input on visual cortical connections during the first year of life. This plasticity of the brain seems to last longer in some other brain areas such as the pre-frontal cortex with potential influence on behaviour patterns. Different patterns of response in babies to strange situations are seen in what might be regarded as different levels of security of parental care. Is it possible that such early influences determine behaviour patterns followed in later life?
Dr Wilson’s talk concentrated on disruptive behaviour in young adults – a range of identified conduct disorders. An unattractive series of studies in monkeys demonstrates continued behaviour effects of a period of social deprivation in early months. Observations in Romanian orphans who suffered effectively similar isolation support these conclusions with identification of a reactive attachment disorder where individuals can be abnormally inhibited or disinhibited in forming relationships. Harsh and inconsistent parenting has similarly been related to future conduct disorders. Intriguingly the strength of these levels becomes much clearer when a potential genetic effect is taken into account – a New Zealand study shows evidence of genetic linkage and protection from raised levels of MAO. Increasingly there is evidence in study of various behaviour disorders of substantial genetic factors modified by early life experiences. These disorders cost society – a group of London 10 year olds with conduct disorders cost 10 times their peers in care and support by age 28.
Can we intervene? We were treated to a video demonstration of one area where parenting can be insensitive or unresponsive – post-natal depression. Intervention with a 'mellow parenting' package dramatically altered the obvious shared communication between mother and child. A New York randomized study of regular health visitor type intervention up to the age of 2 years substantially reduced various behaviour problems at age 15. Such clearcut evidence will be difficult to obtain. However, there is now sufficient evidence of the long term improvement of these first year experiences to justify an emphasis on good support for parenting when potential problems are apparent.
After considerable discussion of Dr Wilson’s paper, Dr Douglas Mack gave a vote of thanks, reminding the audience of the challenging breath of fresh thinking felt by many when Phil first arrived on the scene as a local GP. Dr Vernon reminded members of the forthcoming dinner and closed the meeting.
35 members had been in attendance.
Listen again
Download slides
tags: primary care child development deprivation psychology epidemiology
05 October, 2005
100 years ago: Session 1905-06; Presidential Address
Dr Stockman began his address with a few remarks on the probable primitive views of man on the Creation, and then went on to state the theory of evolution of Lamarck viz:– that evolution was due to the influences of external agencies.
After discussing this theory and stating some objections to it he dwelt for a time on Darwin's views on the origin of species and on natural selection and contrasted these with the views of Lamarck. Then after discussing the phenomena of fertilization he defined and explained the continuity of the Germ Plasm and proceeded to discuss variation as exhibited by individuals in a species. He explained the two views as to variation viz:– that it might be inborn or contained & transmitted by the continuity of the Germ Plasm or that in the second place it might be acquired or impressed on the Germ Plasm. In this connection Dr. Stockman described Darwin's theory of Pan Genesis and alluded to his belief in the heredity of acquired variations. Weismann's theory, that tho' variation & natural selection were the main forces concerned in the survival of the fittest, yet no acquired variation could be transmitted from parent to offspring, was mentioned and then Dr Stockman proceeded to sum up these theories as follows.
1st. If Darwin & Lamarck are right, then the offspring must inherit the acquired variations of the parent e.g. disease
2nd. If on the other hand all variations are inborn then disease cannot be hereditary.
The distinction between the terms Congenital and Hereditary was strongly insisted on and views as to the heredity of immunity were then discussed.
Proceeding to the more practical aspects of his subject Dr Stockman pointed out that most diseases were the direct or indirect sequelae of infections and that selection was going on continuously in relation to disease i.e. those with the greatest resistance to disease survive. He mentioned that there were 3 main ways in which resistance to disease was strengthened viz:– by
1. Destruction of Germs
2. Avoidance of Germs
These two are due to Climatic, Geographical, Sanitary or Quarantine conditions.
3. Undergoing evolution against them.
Of these three the third seems to him to be the strongest and it has been going on unceasingly throughout the ages.
Then three possible fates under infection were mentioned viz:–
1. Entire escape
2. Recovery – almost unhurt – or more or less damaged
3. Death
After this certain diseases were discussed in detail as to their behaviour in regard to immunity; Scarlet fever was taken as a type of a disease producing immunity in the individual attacked and Tuberculosis as a type of one which conferred no immunity. At the same time Dr Stockman insisted that in his opinion immunity was inborn i.e. that the Germ Plasm is resistant to disease in certain people and they survive and beget offspring with a like resistance while the weaker variations die off; and further that as almost all our pathological conditions are consequences of infection, therefore they are not transmissible and that it is only the tendency of the Germplasm to resist or succumb to infection that is transmitted.
With regard to Tuberculosis, Dr Stockman stated that our attitude should be 1st to stamp out the bacilli as far as possible & 2nd to prevent people from marrying if in both male & female the Germplasm seems weak in its resistance to the disease.
Then the gradual immunization produced in a species by the dying out (without reproduction) of the weaker individuals was pointed out and Malarial, Syphilitic and the Tse-Tse fly infections were cited.
Finally Dr Stockman referred shortly to the recent Commission on Physical Degeneration which answered NO to the question "Do Alcoholism & disease in individuals give rise to degenerate offspring"; and then after some remarks to the effect that anatomical malformations are inborn and therefore truly hereditary he brought his most interesting address to a close.
Ralph Stockman
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
Further reading
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Charles Darwin
Germplasm
Pangenesis
August Weismann
After discussing this theory and stating some objections to it he dwelt for a time on Darwin's views on the origin of species and on natural selection and contrasted these with the views of Lamarck. Then after discussing the phenomena of fertilization he defined and explained the continuity of the Germ Plasm and proceeded to discuss variation as exhibited by individuals in a species. He explained the two views as to variation viz:– that it might be inborn or contained & transmitted by the continuity of the Germ Plasm or that in the second place it might be acquired or impressed on the Germ Plasm. In this connection Dr. Stockman described Darwin's theory of Pan Genesis and alluded to his belief in the heredity of acquired variations. Weismann's theory, that tho' variation & natural selection were the main forces concerned in the survival of the fittest, yet no acquired variation could be transmitted from parent to offspring, was mentioned and then Dr Stockman proceeded to sum up these theories as follows.
1st. If Darwin & Lamarck are right, then the offspring must inherit the acquired variations of the parent e.g. disease
2nd. If on the other hand all variations are inborn then disease cannot be hereditary.
The distinction between the terms Congenital and Hereditary was strongly insisted on and views as to the heredity of immunity were then discussed.
Proceeding to the more practical aspects of his subject Dr Stockman pointed out that most diseases were the direct or indirect sequelae of infections and that selection was going on continuously in relation to disease i.e. those with the greatest resistance to disease survive. He mentioned that there were 3 main ways in which resistance to disease was strengthened viz:– by
1. Destruction of Germs
2. Avoidance of Germs
These two are due to Climatic, Geographical, Sanitary or Quarantine conditions.
3. Undergoing evolution against them.
Of these three the third seems to him to be the strongest and it has been going on unceasingly throughout the ages.
Then three possible fates under infection were mentioned viz:–
1. Entire escape
2. Recovery – almost unhurt – or more or less damaged
3. Death
After this certain diseases were discussed in detail as to their behaviour in regard to immunity; Scarlet fever was taken as a type of a disease producing immunity in the individual attacked and Tuberculosis as a type of one which conferred no immunity. At the same time Dr Stockman insisted that in his opinion immunity was inborn i.e. that the Germ Plasm is resistant to disease in certain people and they survive and beget offspring with a like resistance while the weaker variations die off; and further that as almost all our pathological conditions are consequences of infection, therefore they are not transmissible and that it is only the tendency of the Germplasm to resist or succumb to infection that is transmitted.
With regard to Tuberculosis, Dr Stockman stated that our attitude should be 1st to stamp out the bacilli as far as possible & 2nd to prevent people from marrying if in both male & female the Germplasm seems weak in its resistance to the disease.
Then the gradual immunization produced in a species by the dying out (without reproduction) of the weaker individuals was pointed out and Malarial, Syphilitic and the Tse-Tse fly infections were cited.
Finally Dr Stockman referred shortly to the recent Commission on Physical Degeneration which answered NO to the question "Do Alcoholism & disease in individuals give rise to degenerate offspring"; and then after some remarks to the effect that anatomical malformations are inborn and therefore truly hereditary he brought his most interesting address to a close.
Ralph Stockman
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
Further reading
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Charles Darwin
Germplasm
Pangenesis
August Weismann
100 years ago: Session 1905-06; Meeting I
Sederunt 46
The Society met in the rooms of the Medical Club, 22 Carlton Place on the evening of Thursday 5th October at 9pm. The president, Professor Stockman was in the Chair, and 46 gentlemen were present.
I Minutes
The minutes of last meeting were read & approved.
II Resignations
The secretary read letters of resignation of membership from
1. Dr D. Young, Linton Villa Parkhead Glasgow dated Oct 2nd 1905
2. Dr G. Scott McGregor, 2 Burnbank Terrace Glasgow — Oct 3rd 1905
3. Dr Wm Carr, 46 Norfolk Street Glasgow — Oct 3rd 1905
These were accepted
III Dr J. Wallace Anderson's letter
A letter was read from Dr J. Wallace Anderson 23 Woodside Place dated 30th May 1905 in which he withdrew his resignation of membership
IV President's Address
Professor Stockman then proceeded to deliver his presidential address on the subject of "Heredity in Disease"
A precis of this address follows this minute.
V Vote of thanks
At the close of the address Dr Napier moved a vote of thanks to Dr Stockman for his most interesting address. This was heartily given and then Dr Stockman replied in a few words.
VI Election of Governor of Victoria Infirmary
The President then called for nominations for the post of Governor of the Victoria Infirmary, but Dr McGilvray suggested that in the first place Dr C. E. Robertson should give a few remarks on the work of the Governors during the past year. This met with the approval of the meeting & Dr Robertson in a few remarks spoke of the various points of interest which had been dealt with by the board of Governors during the past year.
Dr Stockman then moved a vote of thanks to Dr Robertson for his services and this was heartily responded to.
Dr Richmond then wished to discuss the tenure of office of the representative, but Dr Stockman stated that this was a matter which was to be considered by the Council in the near future and the matter then dropped.
On nominations being again called for the following two names were proposed.
1. Dr Forrest (Senior) Proposed by Dr D. McGilvray & seconded by Dr Alexr Napier.
2. Dr C. E. Robertson proposed by Dr Campbell Highet & seconded by Dr Fletcher.
On a vote being taken 23 votes were given to Dr Robertson & 21 to Dr Forrest. Dr Robertson was then declared duly elected.
VII Election of member
The standing orders were suspended and Dr Wm Adam Burns 147 Greenhead Street, Bridgeton was elected a member.
Dr Burn's name should have appeared on the billet but the secretary had overlooked the matter.
VIII Arrangements for Annual Dinner
The Secretary then drew attention to the arrangements for the annual dinner which as stated on the billet, was to be held in the Grosvenor Restaurant Gordon St on Thursday 19th October 1905 at 6.30pm.
This was all the business.
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
The Society met in the rooms of the Medical Club, 22 Carlton Place on the evening of Thursday 5th October at 9pm. The president, Professor Stockman was in the Chair, and 46 gentlemen were present.
I Minutes
The minutes of last meeting were read & approved.
II Resignations
The secretary read letters of resignation of membership from
1. Dr D. Young, Linton Villa Parkhead Glasgow dated Oct 2nd 1905
2. Dr G. Scott McGregor, 2 Burnbank Terrace Glasgow — Oct 3rd 1905
3. Dr Wm Carr, 46 Norfolk Street Glasgow — Oct 3rd 1905
These were accepted
III Dr J. Wallace Anderson's letter
A letter was read from Dr J. Wallace Anderson 23 Woodside Place dated 30th May 1905 in which he withdrew his resignation of membership
IV President's Address
Professor Stockman then proceeded to deliver his presidential address on the subject of "Heredity in Disease"
A precis of this address follows this minute.
V Vote of thanks
At the close of the address Dr Napier moved a vote of thanks to Dr Stockman for his most interesting address. This was heartily given and then Dr Stockman replied in a few words.
VI Election of Governor of Victoria Infirmary
The President then called for nominations for the post of Governor of the Victoria Infirmary, but Dr McGilvray suggested that in the first place Dr C. E. Robertson should give a few remarks on the work of the Governors during the past year. This met with the approval of the meeting & Dr Robertson in a few remarks spoke of the various points of interest which had been dealt with by the board of Governors during the past year.
Dr Stockman then moved a vote of thanks to Dr Robertson for his services and this was heartily responded to.
Dr Richmond then wished to discuss the tenure of office of the representative, but Dr Stockman stated that this was a matter which was to be considered by the Council in the near future and the matter then dropped.
On nominations being again called for the following two names were proposed.
1. Dr Forrest (Senior) Proposed by Dr D. McGilvray & seconded by Dr Alexr Napier.
2. Dr C. E. Robertson proposed by Dr Campbell Highet & seconded by Dr Fletcher.
On a vote being taken 23 votes were given to Dr Robertson & 21 to Dr Forrest. Dr Robertson was then declared duly elected.
VII Election of member
The standing orders were suspended and Dr Wm Adam Burns 147 Greenhead Street, Bridgeton was elected a member.
Dr Burn's name should have appeared on the billet but the secretary had overlooked the matter.
VIII Arrangements for Annual Dinner
The Secretary then drew attention to the arrangements for the annual dinner which as stated on the billet, was to be held in the Grosvenor Restaurant Gordon St on Thursday 19th October 1905 at 6.30pm.
This was all the business.
Archive: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons of Glasgow
Reference: GB 250 RCPSG 73/1/11 Minute Book No. 6
01 October, 2005
Laws of the Glasgow Southern Medical Society
Adopted at Annual General Meeting of 22nd April 1999
Name and Objects of the Society
I
The Society shall be called "THE GLASGOW SOUTHERN MEDICAL SOCIETY"
II
The Objects of the Society shall be:
(A) To encourage a high standard of medical practice in the south of Glasgow by providing a forum for medical education and debate.
(B) To foster good relations between the different branches of the medical profession in the south of Glasgow.
Constitution of the Society
III
The Society shall consist of ordinary members, and an Honorary President.
IV
The management of the Society shall be vested in the Membership of the Society.
V
All decisions pertaining to the running of the Society shall be decided by a majority of votes. The Chairman shall have a deliberative and a casting vote on all questions.
VI
Twelve members shall constitute a quorum.
Council
VII
Council shall consist of the Office Bearers, the Court Medical and up to six elected Ordinary Members. All shall normally be elected at the appropriate Annual General Meeting.
a) Office Bearers
The President shall hold office for one year and shall normally in alternate years be a hospital consultant or a general practitioner.
The Senior and Junior Vice Presidents shall normally succeed in turn to the office of President for one year.
The Honorary Secretary shall hold office for three years.
The Editorial Secretary shall also be the Honorary Secretary-Elect and shall hold office for three years.
The Seal Keeper is the immediate past Honorary Secretary.
The Treasurer shall not have a fixed term of office.
b) Court Medical
This shall consist of the five most recent Past Presidents of the Society. The immediate Past President shall be President of the Court Medical.
c) Elected Members
These shall be members of Council for three years.
Council will arrange the general business of the Society. Six shall form a quorum.
Auditors
VIII
Two auditors shall be appointed annually at the Annual General Meeting. These shall not have a fixed term of office. They may be invited to meetings of Council.
Court Medical
IX
The duties of the different officer bearers shall correspond to the common use and wont.
Ordinary Members
X
Any registered medical practitioner residing in or near Glasgow may apply for membership of the Society.
XI
The applicant will formally be admitted at the first appropriate ordinary meeting of the Society.
XII
On admission, the Honorary Secretary shall send itimation of admission together with a copy of the Laws of the Society.
XIII
The new Member, on paying the subscription for the current session, shall be admitted to all the privileges of membership of the Society.
The Honorary President
XIV
The President will nominate an Honorary President to serve concurrently with his own year of office.
XV
The Honorary President shall have no voting rights and shall not be required to make any payment to the funds of the Society.
Contributions
XVI
The annual subscription shall be agreed each year at the Annual General Meeting.
Arrears
XVII
If any Member neglects to pay his annual subscription for three years he/she shall be suspended from membership until his/her arrears are paid. The Member shall be so informed by the Honorary Secretary.
Meetings
XVIII
The Society shall normally meet twice a month from October to March, when practicable, and on such other occasions as the Society decides. Council may call an Extraordinary Meeting at any time. When requested in writing by six Ordinary Members, the President shall call an Extraordinary Meeting.
XIX
The ordinary meetings shall be devoted to the objects of the Society as defined in Law II and any other competent business.
XX
A member wishing to resign shall send written intimation of this intention to the Honorary Secretary.
Disputes
XXI
Should any disagreement or misunderstanding arise between Members of the Society, they shall be expected to settle matters in a friendly way, failing which the matter in dispute may be referred to the Court Medical.
Alteration to Laws
XXII
Any proposal to alter or abolish a Law, or to establish a new Law, must be placed before the Society at one of its meetings, to be voted on four weeks later. Due intimation of such a proposal must be printed in the billet calling the Meeting at which the matter has to be decided.
XXIII
Should any issue arise which is not provided for in the preceding laws, the matter shall be referred by Council to the Members of the Society at one of its Meetings. Due intimation thereof must be given in the billet calling the Meeting. The decision of the Meeting shall be considered final.
Adopted 13th February 1851
Amended 1869, 1880, 1891 and 1900
With Amendments to 1925
Revised June 1926
Reprinted June 1930
Revised October 1950
Revised June 1972
Revised June 1976
Revised October 1980
Amended 1986
Revised September 1990
Revised August 2002
Name and Objects of the Society
I
The Society shall be called "THE GLASGOW SOUTHERN MEDICAL SOCIETY"
II
The Objects of the Society shall be:
(A) To encourage a high standard of medical practice in the south of Glasgow by providing a forum for medical education and debate.
(B) To foster good relations between the different branches of the medical profession in the south of Glasgow.
Constitution of the Society
III
The Society shall consist of ordinary members, and an Honorary President.
IV
The management of the Society shall be vested in the Membership of the Society.
V
All decisions pertaining to the running of the Society shall be decided by a majority of votes. The Chairman shall have a deliberative and a casting vote on all questions.
VI
Twelve members shall constitute a quorum.
Council
VII
Council shall consist of the Office Bearers, the Court Medical and up to six elected Ordinary Members. All shall normally be elected at the appropriate Annual General Meeting.
a) Office Bearers
The President shall hold office for one year and shall normally in alternate years be a hospital consultant or a general practitioner.
The Senior and Junior Vice Presidents shall normally succeed in turn to the office of President for one year.
The Honorary Secretary shall hold office for three years.
The Editorial Secretary shall also be the Honorary Secretary-Elect and shall hold office for three years.
The Seal Keeper is the immediate past Honorary Secretary.
The Treasurer shall not have a fixed term of office.
b) Court Medical
This shall consist of the five most recent Past Presidents of the Society. The immediate Past President shall be President of the Court Medical.
c) Elected Members
These shall be members of Council for three years.
Council will arrange the general business of the Society. Six shall form a quorum.
Auditors
VIII
Two auditors shall be appointed annually at the Annual General Meeting. These shall not have a fixed term of office. They may be invited to meetings of Council.
Court Medical
IX
The duties of the different officer bearers shall correspond to the common use and wont.
Ordinary Members
X
Any registered medical practitioner residing in or near Glasgow may apply for membership of the Society.
XI
The applicant will formally be admitted at the first appropriate ordinary meeting of the Society.
XII
On admission, the Honorary Secretary shall send itimation of admission together with a copy of the Laws of the Society.
XIII
The new Member, on paying the subscription for the current session, shall be admitted to all the privileges of membership of the Society.
The Honorary President
XIV
The President will nominate an Honorary President to serve concurrently with his own year of office.
XV
The Honorary President shall have no voting rights and shall not be required to make any payment to the funds of the Society.
Contributions
XVI
The annual subscription shall be agreed each year at the Annual General Meeting.
Arrears
XVII
If any Member neglects to pay his annual subscription for three years he/she shall be suspended from membership until his/her arrears are paid. The Member shall be so informed by the Honorary Secretary.
Meetings
XVIII
The Society shall normally meet twice a month from October to March, when practicable, and on such other occasions as the Society decides. Council may call an Extraordinary Meeting at any time. When requested in writing by six Ordinary Members, the President shall call an Extraordinary Meeting.
XIX
The ordinary meetings shall be devoted to the objects of the Society as defined in Law II and any other competent business.
XX
A member wishing to resign shall send written intimation of this intention to the Honorary Secretary.
Disputes
XXI
Should any disagreement or misunderstanding arise between Members of the Society, they shall be expected to settle matters in a friendly way, failing which the matter in dispute may be referred to the Court Medical.
Alteration to Laws
XXII
Any proposal to alter or abolish a Law, or to establish a new Law, must be placed before the Society at one of its meetings, to be voted on four weeks later. Due intimation of such a proposal must be printed in the billet calling the Meeting at which the matter has to be decided.
XXIII
Should any issue arise which is not provided for in the preceding laws, the matter shall be referred by Council to the Members of the Society at one of its Meetings. Due intimation thereof must be given in the billet calling the Meeting. The decision of the Meeting shall be considered final.
Adopted 13th February 1851
Amended 1869, 1880, 1891 and 1900
With Amendments to 1925
Revised June 1926
Reprinted June 1930
Revised October 1950
Revised June 1972
Revised June 1976
Revised October 1980
Amended 1986
Revised September 1990
Revised August 2002
02 September, 2005
Syllabus 2005-6, Session 161
Tuesday 6th September, 2005
Golf outing - East Renfrewshire Golf Course
3pm
Thursday 13th October, 2005
Presidential Address
"What's so special about the first year of life?"
Dr Philip Wilson
Buffet supper 6.15 for 7.00pm
Ebenezer Duncan Centre, Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
Thursday 27th October, 2005
Annual Dinner
6.00 for 7.00pm
Venue: Sherbrooke Castle Hotel, Pollokshields, Glasgow
Thursday 24th November, 2005
"Tsunami - after the wave"
Dr David Willox
Buffet supper 6.15 for 7.00pm
Ebenezer Duncan Centre, Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
Thursday 12th January, 2006
Joint meeting with the Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society.
"Clinical trials - do they always give the right answer?"
Professor Alan Silman
7.00 for 7.30pm
Venue: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, Glasgow
Thursday 16th February, 2006
Council meeting
7.00pm
Conference Room, Floor E, Victoria Infirmary
Thursday 23rd February, 2006
Honorary Presidential Address
"Family Matters"
Professor Graham Watt
Buffet supper 6.15 for 7.00pm
Ebenezer Duncan Centre, Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
Thursday 23rd March, 2006
"Clinical trials in the 21st century"
Professor Janet Darbyshire
Buffet supper 6.15 for 7.00pm
Ebenezer Duncan Centre, Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
Thursday 27th April, 2006
Annual General Meeting and first Council meeting
Conference Room, Floor E, Victoria Infirmary
Golf outing - East Renfrewshire Golf Course
3pm
Thursday 13th October, 2005
Presidential Address
"What's so special about the first year of life?"
Dr Philip Wilson
Buffet supper 6.15 for 7.00pm
Ebenezer Duncan Centre, Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
Thursday 27th October, 2005
Annual Dinner
6.00 for 7.00pm
Venue: Sherbrooke Castle Hotel, Pollokshields, Glasgow
Thursday 24th November, 2005
"Tsunami - after the wave"
Dr David Willox
Buffet supper 6.15 for 7.00pm
Ebenezer Duncan Centre, Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
Thursday 12th January, 2006
Joint meeting with the Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society.
"Clinical trials - do they always give the right answer?"
Professor Alan Silman
7.00 for 7.30pm
Venue: Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons, Glasgow
Thursday 16th February, 2006
Council meeting
7.00pm
Conference Room, Floor E, Victoria Infirmary
Thursday 23rd February, 2006
Honorary Presidential Address
"Family Matters"
Professor Graham Watt
Buffet supper 6.15 for 7.00pm
Ebenezer Duncan Centre, Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
Thursday 23rd March, 2006
"Clinical trials in the 21st century"
Professor Janet Darbyshire
Buffet supper 6.15 for 7.00pm
Ebenezer Duncan Centre, Victoria Infirmary, Glasgow
If you are a member of the Society and you would like to book for the pre-meeting buffet, please email 'Buffet' and your name to: Lesley.O'Donnell@gvic.scot.nhs.uk
Thursday 27th April, 2006
Annual General Meeting and first Council meeting
Conference Room, Floor E, Victoria Infirmary
Council members 2005-6
Honorary President - Professor Graham Watt
President - Dr Philip Wilson
Senior Vice President - Mr David Ritchie
Honorary Treasurer - Dr Liam McKean
Honorary Secretary - Dr Penelope Redding
Editorial Secretary - Dr Jonathan Oates
Court Medical - Dr David Vernon, Dr Duncan Macintyre, Dr David Willox, Dr Fiona Marshall, Dr Iain Wallace
Extra Members of Council - Dr Gordon Weetch, Mr Colin Mackay, Dr Brigid Malloy, Dr Richard Watson
President - Dr Philip Wilson
Senior Vice President - Mr David Ritchie
Honorary Treasurer - Dr Liam McKean
Honorary Secretary - Dr Penelope Redding
Editorial Secretary - Dr Jonathan Oates
Court Medical - Dr David Vernon, Dr Duncan Macintyre, Dr David Willox, Dr Fiona Marshall, Dr Iain Wallace
Extra Members of Council - Dr Gordon Weetch, Mr Colin Mackay, Dr Brigid Malloy, Dr Richard Watson
01 September, 2005
Session 161 2005-6: 2nd Council Meeting, Thursday 1 September 2005
Present: Dr Wilson, Dr MacIntyre, Prof. Hume Adams, Dr Watson, Dr Willox, Dr McKean, Dr Oates and Dr Redding
Apologies: Dr Vernon, Dr Weetch
Minutes: Accepted and approved.
Matters arising: Stefan Slater – excellent recovery post serious illness was welcomed.
Douglas McLellan – Prof. Hume Adams will chase him up with regard to Presidential Portraits.
David Ritchie has accepted the post of Senior Vice President.
Jonathan Oates has accepted the post of Editorial Secretary.
Auditors: Dr P Wilson accepted the post as second auditor with Prof. Hume Adams.
Minutes of talks/recording: There were discussions about recording talks with or without slides. Dr Watson asked what would happen to recordings. A pilot of recording talks will start with the Presidential Address. Minutes will still be hand written. Dr Oates agreed to investigate a Society website. Dr Willox raised the subject of SMS having its own website where talks could be made widely available. Dr Willox offered to provide a summary of his talk. Dr MacIntyre agreed to take minutes of first meeting (Presidential Address).
Dinner: President – Introduce guests, Professor Sturrock and Professor Watt at beginning of the evening and says grace.
Professor R. Sturrock – 5 minutes – toast Health of Society after meal. (GRI)
Presentation of golf prizes by President
Minutes - Dr Oates will read minutes of 100 years ago.
Catering / Meeting: Order 50% more food than return. Order tea and coffee from hospital for meeting.
Dr Derbyshire’s meeting – promote and send out early warning.
Presidential Address – notice to all Health Visitors. Dr Wilson to provide secretary with details.
Medical Student Prize: To be awarded this year - £100. Secretary to write to Mrs Leila Inglis (Administrator – Division of Community Based Sciences, General Practice, Primary Care).
Questionnaire: Results presented and discussed. Very diverse response to questionnaire, no overwhelming majority for any particular view except content of meetings should be primarily clinical. Summary of questionnaire to be made available at Presidential Address, 13th October 2005.
E-mail reminder Monday before meeting to people with e-mail address.
The letter from John Main (Senior Medical Artist) was discussed. This enthusiasm was commended. Dr Oates suggested putting poster on Intranet – will discuss with Jane Bradley.
List of meetings – Mary Smith in Postgraduate Education to include meetings in postgraduate flyer. The merger with Royal Medico Chirurgical Society as suggested by Dr Martin McIntyre (Secretary Med-Chir) was discussed. The feeling was that this would see the end of the Southern Medical Society and was at present for the
future. This year’s attendance will be monitored and raised at the AGM in 2006.
AOCB: Nil
Date of Next Meeting:
Society Meeting – 13th October 2005
Council Meeting – 6th February 2006
Apologies: Dr Vernon, Dr Weetch
Minutes: Accepted and approved.
Matters arising: Stefan Slater – excellent recovery post serious illness was welcomed.
Douglas McLellan – Prof. Hume Adams will chase him up with regard to Presidential Portraits.
David Ritchie has accepted the post of Senior Vice President.
Jonathan Oates has accepted the post of Editorial Secretary.
Auditors: Dr P Wilson accepted the post as second auditor with Prof. Hume Adams.
Minutes of talks/recording: There were discussions about recording talks with or without slides. Dr Watson asked what would happen to recordings. A pilot of recording talks will start with the Presidential Address. Minutes will still be hand written. Dr Oates agreed to investigate a Society website. Dr Willox raised the subject of SMS having its own website where talks could be made widely available. Dr Willox offered to provide a summary of his talk. Dr MacIntyre agreed to take minutes of first meeting (Presidential Address).
Dinner: President – Introduce guests, Professor Sturrock and Professor Watt at beginning of the evening and says grace.
Professor R. Sturrock – 5 minutes – toast Health of Society after meal. (GRI)
Presentation of golf prizes by President
Minutes - Dr Oates will read minutes of 100 years ago.
Catering / Meeting: Order 50% more food than return. Order tea and coffee from hospital for meeting.
Dr Derbyshire’s meeting – promote and send out early warning.
Presidential Address – notice to all Health Visitors. Dr Wilson to provide secretary with details.
Medical Student Prize: To be awarded this year - £100. Secretary to write to Mrs Leila Inglis (Administrator – Division of Community Based Sciences, General Practice, Primary Care).
Questionnaire: Results presented and discussed. Very diverse response to questionnaire, no overwhelming majority for any particular view except content of meetings should be primarily clinical. Summary of questionnaire to be made available at Presidential Address, 13th October 2005.
E-mail reminder Monday before meeting to people with e-mail address.
The letter from John Main (Senior Medical Artist) was discussed. This enthusiasm was commended. Dr Oates suggested putting poster on Intranet – will discuss with Jane Bradley.
List of meetings – Mary Smith in Postgraduate Education to include meetings in postgraduate flyer. The merger with Royal Medico Chirurgical Society as suggested by Dr Martin McIntyre (Secretary Med-Chir) was discussed. The feeling was that this would see the end of the Southern Medical Society and was at present for the
future. This year’s attendance will be monitored and raised at the AGM in 2006.
AOCB: Nil
Date of Next Meeting:
Society Meeting – 13th October 2005
Council Meeting – 6th February 2006
02 May, 2005
Session 160 2004-5: Annual General Meeting & 1st Council Meeting
The Society met at 7.30pm in the E Floor Conference Room of the Victoria Infirmary. The President, Dr David Vernon, was in the chair and 7 members attended.
Apologies: Apologies were received from Dr Brigid Malloy, Dr Duncan MacIntyre, Dr Penelope Redding, Mr D Smith and Dr David Willox.
Minutes: Minutes of AGM of 22nd April 2004 and of 3rd Council meeting of 17th February 2005 were accepted as accurate.
Report of Honorary Secretary: The Honorary Secretary indicated that, as always, the meetings of the 160th Session had been of a high standard and appreciated by all attendees. The dinner in the Sherbrooke Castle Hotel was a particular success. Sadly numbers attending remain disappointing with best attendance of 56 being at the meeting entitled “Bioterrorism” when a number of Bacteriology staff was present as special guests.
A representative poll of members at the beginning of the session revealed that members still had an interest in the Society but no time to attend meetings. The impression was that an earlier time for the meeting would be helpful but even this had no impact on attendance. The hospital catering particularly towards the end of the session was very poor.
The Honorary Secretary raised the question again as to how long the Society should continue to function with small numbers attending? Poor attendances are a particular embarrassment when speakers give of their time in preparation and delivery.
Treasurers Report: See attached
Programme for 161st session: In her absence, Dr Redding had requested that members consider carefully the future of the Society. It was suggested that the number of meetings should be reduced. Following a lot of discussion it was agreed that the programme should include Golf Outing, Presidential Address, Annual Dinner, Joint meeting with Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society, Honorary Presidential Address and 2 regular meetings.
Dr Philip Wilson agreed to prepare a letter to be sent to members to alert them to the possibility that this may be the Society’s last session. It was agreed that if attendances do not improve then this would be the last session.
The letter will give notice of the further reduction in the number of meetings, which will commence at 6.15pm for 7pm. Outside caterers will be employed to improve the standard of the hot buffet. Members will be asked to indicate that they wish to attend for the buffet and will be asked for a preferred method of communication i.e. reply slip, phone, e mail.
Election of Office Bearers: Dr Richard Watson was elected as an extra member of Council. It was agreed that a further extra member of Council was unnecessary. It was agreed that the Honorary Secretary does require a substitute in case of work commitments or illness. The Honorary Secretary will approach a member.
The President thanked Dr Christine Penney for all her efforts over the past 3years. Dr Penelope Redding assumes the role of Honorary Secretary.
Dr Vernon will approach a hospital colleague regarding the position of Senior Vice President.
Dr Vernon welcomed Dr Philip Wilson to the presidency of the Society. Dr Wilson thanked Dr Vernon for his successful year as President.
Medical Illustration: A gift of £300 was agreed.
A.O.C.B. A gift of £100 to the catering supervisor was agreed. Dr Penney suggested that the Society might send a well wishing gift to Dr Stefan Slater who has been very seriously ill. This was agreed.
Prof Hume Adams is communicating with Dr McLellan regarding Presidential Portraits.
Apologies: Apologies were received from Dr Brigid Malloy, Dr Duncan MacIntyre, Dr Penelope Redding, Mr D Smith and Dr David Willox.
Minutes: Minutes of AGM of 22nd April 2004 and of 3rd Council meeting of 17th February 2005 were accepted as accurate.
Report of Honorary Secretary: The Honorary Secretary indicated that, as always, the meetings of the 160th Session had been of a high standard and appreciated by all attendees. The dinner in the Sherbrooke Castle Hotel was a particular success. Sadly numbers attending remain disappointing with best attendance of 56 being at the meeting entitled “Bioterrorism” when a number of Bacteriology staff was present as special guests.
A representative poll of members at the beginning of the session revealed that members still had an interest in the Society but no time to attend meetings. The impression was that an earlier time for the meeting would be helpful but even this had no impact on attendance. The hospital catering particularly towards the end of the session was very poor.
The Honorary Secretary raised the question again as to how long the Society should continue to function with small numbers attending? Poor attendances are a particular embarrassment when speakers give of their time in preparation and delivery.
Treasurers Report: See attached
Programme for 161st session: In her absence, Dr Redding had requested that members consider carefully the future of the Society. It was suggested that the number of meetings should be reduced. Following a lot of discussion it was agreed that the programme should include Golf Outing, Presidential Address, Annual Dinner, Joint meeting with Royal Medico-Chirurgical Society, Honorary Presidential Address and 2 regular meetings.
Dr Philip Wilson agreed to prepare a letter to be sent to members to alert them to the possibility that this may be the Society’s last session. It was agreed that if attendances do not improve then this would be the last session.
The letter will give notice of the further reduction in the number of meetings, which will commence at 6.15pm for 7pm. Outside caterers will be employed to improve the standard of the hot buffet. Members will be asked to indicate that they wish to attend for the buffet and will be asked for a preferred method of communication i.e. reply slip, phone, e mail.
Election of Office Bearers: Dr Richard Watson was elected as an extra member of Council. It was agreed that a further extra member of Council was unnecessary. It was agreed that the Honorary Secretary does require a substitute in case of work commitments or illness. The Honorary Secretary will approach a member.
The President thanked Dr Christine Penney for all her efforts over the past 3years. Dr Penelope Redding assumes the role of Honorary Secretary.
Dr Vernon will approach a hospital colleague regarding the position of Senior Vice President.
Dr Vernon welcomed Dr Philip Wilson to the presidency of the Society. Dr Wilson thanked Dr Vernon for his successful year as President.
Medical Illustration: A gift of £300 was agreed.
A.O.C.B. A gift of £100 to the catering supervisor was agreed. Dr Penney suggested that the Society might send a well wishing gift to Dr Stefan Slater who has been very seriously ill. This was agreed.
Prof Hume Adams is communicating with Dr McLellan regarding Presidential Portraits.
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